Bloomberg columnist Thomas Black recently traveled to the Permian Basin to observe Kodiak’s autonomous trucks hauling sand for Atlas Energy Solutions. He came away with a really deep understanding and a great write-up of the early stages of autonomous trucking.
Kodiak is operating 28 driverless trucks to haul sand, and the startup, which began trading publicly in September, is under contract to deliver an additional 72 to Atlas…The trucks pick up the sand at the end of a $400 million, 42-mile conveyor belt โ aptly named theย Dune Expressย โ that Atlas built to ship sand from the mine to a staging area deep in the oil patch, allowing the company to bypass several crowded public roads.
He also nods toward the Dune Express, Atlas’s massive conveyor belt.
Although many people think of chatbots when it comes to artificial intelligence, the conveyor belt, like its cousin the driverless truck, has the components of physical AI. Sand whirls along on a belt with almost 69,000 rollers that have sensors that monitor speed, vibration and other variables and flag the need for preventative maintenance. Another sensor detects any tear of steel cables in the belt. A slew of cameras and fiber optic cable allow the conveyor to be monitored remotely.ย
The Permian Basin is tough to reach – you have to fly to Dallas or another southwestern hub city, and then catch a connecting flight, and then drive an hour or two. Not a lot of people have gotten out there to see what’s going on. Kudos to Thomas Black for putting in the legwork.
The New York Times has a story out about Kodiak and other autonomous vehicle companies that are planning to go driverless on the highway this year.
Don Burnette, the chief executive and founder of Kodiak, whose partners include Bosch and Roush Performance, said it would have self-driving semis with no drivers on long-haul routes in the second half of this year.
The article suggests various obstacles, but also implies (correctly) that companies will solve these along the way to going driverless.
One of the great contributions of Waymo has been to show the public that safe driverless vehicles are a reality. Arguing about this used to a dead-end, because some people would say, “driverless wouldn’t be safe,” and then other people would say, “driverless will be safe,” and nobody would really be persuaded. Now people can see that driverless robotaxis are safe, and driverless trucks are a natural extension of that.
Kodiak today announced our 2025 Q4 earnings. This was especially exciting for me, because we publicized one of my big projects from the second half of last year – hauling triple trailers autonomously in the Permian Basin.
As our CEO Don Burnette said:
We recently became the first AV company to pull triple trailers, which, when combined with the tractor, weigh over 275,000 pounds, or 137 tons, and extend more than half the length of a football field. Hauling triples requires extreme precision and enables us to provide our industrial customers higher asset utilization and a more cost-effective solution.ย
I led this project, working closely with my Kodiak colleagues on our Perception, Planning, Controls, Systems, Infrastructure, and Product teams.
One of the major challenges with triples is just how massive they are. Think about how large the red and white tanker truck is, in the preceding photograph. Now look at how small that tanker looks, next to our triple trailer truck. That’s how big triple trailers are!
My colleague Pete Bigelow just wrote about his first trip to the Permian Basin, to observe Kodiak self-driving trucks first-hand.
The sand-colored tractors and their trapezoid-shaped trailers all look the same as they enter and exit the roads around the main depot. Only a careful eye can discern between the human-driven trucks and the ones powered by an autonomous system.
My Kodiak colleague, Sandeep Baddam, describes the traversability framework we built to traverse puddles, potholes, and ditches in the Texas oilfields.
These “negative obstacles” are a major challenge of driving on dirt roads. Sandeep has achieved key results in navigating through and around these elements. Our traversability framework considers many dimensions of such negative obstacles, including depth, gradient, type, area, and then decide how to move longitudinally and laterally, to keep the truck safe and our freight moving.
This posting is specifically for new graduates and upcoming graduates and other engineers very early in their careers. At that stage, people are often flexible and hungry to make an impact. So this job is flexible and high impact, as well. This role is a pipeline to a wide range of our autonomy teams – perception, localization, planning, infrastructure, simulation, and more. The main thing we’re looking for is strong C++ programming ability. Beyond that, we’ll help you find a niche.
A lot has been written recently about the difficulty new graduates have in finding jobs. At Kodiak, we have great opportunities for early career engineers. Join us!
Kodiak has signed a business combination agreement with Ares Acquisition Corp II (NYSE: AACT), a key step toward going public. A new chapter in scaling Kodiakโs driverless tech across trucking and public sector is beginning.
Here are some quotes from the press release that are especially important to me:
First to Market With Fully Active Driverless Semi-Truck Operations:ย Through its partnership with Atlas Energy Solutions (โAtlasโ), Kodiak-powered driverless trucks have surpassed 750 hours of commercial driverless operations across West Texas’s Permian Basin without a human driver on board. This milestone marks the first publicly announced deployment of customer-owned autonomous semi-trucks in real-world operations. Kodiak expects to support Atlas in further expanding its fleet in 2025; in March 2025, the Company secured a firm commitment from Atlas to order an initial 100 trucks, after exceeding key performance and operational milestones.
New and existing Kodiak institutional investors including Soros Fund Management, ARK Investments and Ares have funded or committed over $110 million in financing to support the transaction alongside approximately $551 million of cash held in trust
Kodiak has secured a firm commitment from its strategic partner, Atlas Energy Solutions (NYSE: AESI), for an initial order of 100 trucks
Additional information about the proposed business combination will be described in the registration statement on Form S-4 relating to the transaction (the โRegistration Statementโ), which AACT and Kodiak will file with the SEC.
I’ve now been part of two autonomous vehicle companies that have gone fully driverless – autonomous driving with no safety driver. Kodiak is the first company where we have sold that driverless vehicle to customers.
This is a big milestone. Selling an autonomous vehicle to a customer adds a lot of new complexity. Kodiak no longer dictates where and when the driverless truck operates.
For sure, we have specific domains in which the truck can operate without a driver. But within that domain, our customers determine where to send the vehicle, whether to send it, what it should haul.
This is a new milestone for the entire autonomous vehicle industry, and I’m super-excited to be a part of it!