A cascade of automotive news sites report that NIO has started requiring drivers to pass a quiz in order to use its advanced driver assistance system, called NIO Pilot. Apparently this comes in the wake of a fatal crash involving the system.

Back when I was teaching at Udacity, we used quizzes all the time. In fact, the courses we built were required to have a certain cadence of quizzes. Quizzes are great, because they force students out of passive listening and into active thinking.

Of course, there are quizzes and better quizzes – not all of them are created equal. Lots of multiple-choice quizzes, especially, are too pro forma and easy. I haven’t seen NIO’s quiz, which is presumably in Chinese, to evaluate it.

According to CnEVPost:

The video introduces the key features and things to know about NIO Pilot and re-emphasizes that NIO Pilot and NOP (Navigation on Pilot) are assisted driving features, not autonomous driving and that the driver must always be in control of the driving during use.

That seems like a pretty good start.

Gatik just raised a big $85 million Series B funding round. While this is much smaller than other companies are raising through SPACs, IPOs, or jumbo private investments, it’s a real accomplishment.

Life has gotten pretty tough out there for small autonomous vehicle companies. Investors are skittish about backing smaller startups that will have to compete against multi-billion dollar entities.

Gatik has evidently put together a convincing story that their autonomous box trucks, focused on transportation between distribution centers, are sufficiently different from the rest of the autonomous trucking industry.

The company is currently 70 employees and plans to double in size, making it one of the few remaining autonomous vehicle startups of that size. And they have truek driverless trucks operating (albeit on only one route so far)!

We drove to Gizdich Pie Ranch in Watsonville. It was amazing.

Also Cafe Brasil in Santa Cruz!

I just finished listening to my friend, Bryan Catanzaro, on the Gamechangers podcast, from The Economist. The whole podcast series is terrific. There are only three episodes so far, but I recommend all three.

The first episode expands the history of lithium-ion batteries, including the migration away from lead-acid batteries. The episode features interviews with John Goodenough and Stanley Whittingham, two of the three recipients of the 2019 Nobel Prize for Chemistry. Tesla founder Marc Tarpenning also features prominently.

The next episode focuses on messenger RNA, the basis for the most successful COVID-19 vaccines. Drew Weissberg, who has not yet won a Nobel Prize, but will, appears, as well as Moderna co-founders Derrick Rossi and Robert Langer. I did not know that “Moderna” is an abbreviation of “modified RNA”.

The final episode explores the connection between video games, graphical processing units, and deep learning. Andrew Ng has some good stories, as does Yoshua Bengio, and Bryan Catanzaro represents NVIDIA.

Relatedly, I enjoyed this interview with Akira Yoshino, the third recipient of the 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. The man just seems so excited about the future, and lithium-ions, in particular.

This week, Cruise announced a Farm To Fleet initiative to power our all-electric self-driving vehicle fleet with renewable energy from California’s Central Valley.

“Cruise began sourcing our solar renewable energy credits (RECs) from farms in California’s Central Valley that generate their own solar power on-site earlier this spring…
Through this initiative, every mile that Cruise drives in California helps to directly generate economic opportunity for farmers.”

I learned about this initiative right after reading Scott Alexander’s blog post about carbon credits.

“I think the most important thing it could convince you of is that if you were previously planning on letting yourself be miserable to save carbon, you should buy carbon offsets instead.”

Renewable energy credits come with some real monitoring and enforcement challenges, as Alexander explains in his blog post.

But monitoring and enforcement can make renewable energy credits, like those that Cruise is sourcing from the Central Valley, an important part of fighting climate change.

• Walmart is building a white-label service called GoLocal to deliver packages from local third-party businesses to their customers.
• Waymo is transporting passengers in San Francisco under NDA. There is a safety operator in the vehicle. The program is called Trusted Testers and is similar to its Early Rider program in Phoenix from a few years ago.
• Pony.ai is testing autonomous vehicles with safety operators in the passenger seat, not the driver seat.
• Straight from Elon Musk: “FSD Beta 9.2 is actually not great imo, but Autopilot/AI team is rallying to improve as fast as possible. We’re trying to have a single stack for both highway & city streets, but it requires massive NN retraining.”

Self-recommending.

They identify four core strengths:

1. Custom sensors
2. Machine learning
3. Transfer learning (e.g. from Phoenix and from trucking)
4. Focus

“Our machine learning models have observed and learned countless other small nuances that help us drive like locals. Through our experience of driving in San Francisco, for example, the Waymo Driver has learned that residents often drive slightly slower while traveling up steep slopes. Therefore, based on its experience and depending on the speed and flow of traffic, the Waymo Driver does, too, to provide San Franciscans with a familiar and comfortable experience navigating the city’s many hills.”

Lots more on the Waymo blog.

Tesla AI Day 2021 featured executives presenting the full range of the company’s artificial intelligence efforts, from computer vision to planning and controls to simulation to data infrastructure to automotive super computers to data center supercomputers. Elon Musk capped the event by announcing a humanoid robot that Tesla TSLA+0.9% is developing.

For example:

Tesla optimized the training nodes for neural network computation, with a focus on parallel matrix multiplication. And the team custom designed the D1 chip with 7 nanometer silicon etching technology.

Tens of thousands of D1 chips come together on a pizza box-sized “training tile”, which has 9 petaflops of computational power.

One million training tiles will make up the ExaPOD, Tesla’s data center supercomputer.

More to read in my latest Forbes.com article.

Baidu World 2021 showed how central autonomous mobility is to the Chinese Internet giant. The company, which operates the most popular search engine in China, has dedicated immense resources toward next-generation transportation, first and foremost through its Apollo self-driving car program.

The three hour Baidu World presentation kicked off with CEO Robin Li unveiling the company’s new Robocar. The vehicle has two seats, no steering wheel, gull wing doors, and windshields that double as computer displays.

The vehicle has the feel of a concept car, rather than something that might ever hit real live streets. But the presentation quickly cut to a live demonstration of the car transporting Baidu employees in a suburban-style environment. The number of Robocars in existence, and their true capabilities, are unclear, but they are real enough to at least handle a demonstration route.

Read my latest Forbes.com article.